1- How does Ehri’s view of grapho-phoneme awareness differ from the traditional notion of phoneme awareness. Briefly discuss the research evidence that she draws on in postulating grapho-phonemic awareness.
Grapho-phonemic awareness is the relationship between graphemes the symbols written to represent the sound phonemes make. Readers connect the spellings of words to their pronunciations. This view is different from traditional phoneme awareness because phonemic awareness refers to the smallest speech sounds. Phonemic awareness works for beginning readers when there is a one-to -one grapheme/phoneme relationship, however, there are countless words in which sounds are ambiguous phonetically.
Ehri’s research studied 1st and 2nd grader responses to spoken pseudowords. Students were shown letter prompts and the pseudoword was pronounced, students then saw the spellings of the pseudoword. Students were then shown misspellings of pseudowords.
This research discovered that when students saw correct spelling they remembered the pseudoword better than when they were shown no spellings. The visual representation produced a connection between spelling and pronunciations in their memory.
2- Describe briefly the reading process that Goodman suggests.
Goodman suggests during oral reading the reader is performing two tasks at the same time.; produce oral language determined by graphic input and make sense of what he is reading. He states proficient readers decode from the graphic stimulus and then encode from the deep structure. He feels readers are making their best attempts at reading text by utilizing graphic input as well as syntactic and sematic information. Readers then predict and anticipate using this information. Readers are sampling just enough text to confirm their guess of what is coming.
How would Adams respond to Goodman’s model of reading?
Adam’s model represents reading as a simultaneous process, all processors are working together. Adams says skilled readers rarely think about indivdual letters or words. While Goodman’s model, like Adams, involves the reader doing several things at one time, Goodman differs from Adams as he states eye movement does not work in reading.
Good job, Sarah. The main difference between the two is that for Adams word recognition is the driving force of reading and when it becomes efficient in good readers, there is no need to use context to identify words just like Goodman argues good readers do.
ReplyDelete~Dr. Ari